How to tell if an egg is fertilized

Rooster

Fertile eggYou
may remember that
we ate
our rooster this spring when he became problematic
.  The idea was to keep
one of his sons to father the last batch of chicks, which are going in
the incubator in early August.  I knew that a four month old
rooster might or might not be mature enough to fertilize the eggs, but
I figured it was worth the gamble.




Luckily, I don’t have to
throw the eggs in the incubator and wait three weeks before finding out
if our new rooster is all grown up.  As I explain in
Permaculture
Chicken: Incubation Handbook
, you just need to take a
close look at the yolks of your eggs to determine whether they’re
Infertile eggfertilize. 
A solid white blastoderm (like in the last photo in this post) means
the egg wasn’t fertilized, while a ring (like in the second photo in
this post) means the egg can develop into a chick.




The eggs I sampled had
rings, so it sounds like our spring chicken is ready to be a
daddy.  Now, if only his sisters would start to lay — the more
we improve our pastures, the tastier our eggs get and the more we want
to eat.



Our chicken waterer is perfect for chicks from
day 1 since it prevents drowning and disease.

Warm season grasses and chickens

Crabgrass

Last year, I was
considering planting warm season grasses to give our chickens something
to nibble on during the inevitable
summer slump.  I’m glad I
didn’t. 




During the drought in
the early part of this summer, all of the bluegrass died back to its
roots and the warm season grasses that had been there all along popped
up.  Crabgrass (shown above) was represented, but the most common
grass is an as-yet-unidenfitied-by-me species that has leaves branching
off from an erect stem a bit like miniscule, non-woody bamboo. 
(Maybe bermuda grass?)



Bare patch in the pasture

Our warm-season grasses
grew pretty well despite the lack of rain, but the chickens turned up
their spoiled little beaks.  When rotated to a regrown pasture,
the flock made straight for the patches of white clover, which they
pecked nearly bare (as you can see in this second photo), then they sat
around waiting for me to move them to a new paddock.




Chicken on young pastureNow, it’s clearly not fair to
tar all warm season grasses with the same brush.  For example,
last summer our flock was very keen on
a
large warm-season grass that I thought was Johnson grass (but which
wasn’t)
, and I’ve
heard reports from southerners about a warm season grass (that I can’t
remember the name of) being relished by their flocks.  (I hope
some readers will chime in with information about warm season grasses
their flocks eat happily!)




But it seems like our
wild warm season grasses aren’t something to be encouraged.  Good
thing that the bluegrass popped right back up once a bit of moisture
hit the ground.  Maybe the solution for our summer slump is simply
water, either held in the soil by increasing the organic matter
content, or supplied from above.



Our chicken waterer kept the flock well hydrated
despite hot, dry days.

Collecting pasture seeds with a mulching mower

DIY pasture seedsRemember how I told you that the
broilers had scratched lots of bare spots in the sloped powerline cut
pasture
?  After
moving those chickens out of the pasture for the last time, I wanted to
seed the bare ground with pasture-type plants, but I didn’t have any
seeds on hand and didn’t want to go to the store.




As I pondered, it
occurred to me that our “lawn” was chock full of white clover and
broadleaf plantain seed heads since a drought had kept the weeds from
growing tall and we hadn’t been forced to mow in several weeks. 
(As the quotation marks around “lawn” suggest, we don’t keep up our
short grass expanses for aesthetics, just for utility, so if it doesn’t
rain, we don’t mow.)  What if I ran the
mulching mower over that seedy area,
allowed the leaf matter and seeds to collect in the bag, and then
spread the result on the bare spots in the pasture?




Mulching mowerA friend of Mark’s has used
this same technique to harvest shirley poppy seeds from a large
planting, so I knew the idea had merit.  And the harvest and
spreading went without a hitch.  However, that pasture didn’t get
the three fallow months I was counting on, and
our
displaced hens
made
short work of any seedlings.




Even though this
particular iteration of the experiment didn’t precisely work, I suspect
the idea has merit and wanted to share it.  The good thing about
harvesting your own pasture seeds is that you’re bound to be planting
varieties adapted to your local conditions, and you can also turn your
pasture into an
herbal ley by capturing mixtures of
chicken-friendly plants rather than just grass and clover.  Maybe
next time I’ll spread the mulching mower contents out on a tarp to dry
in the sun, then store it for fall so I can put the seeds on pastures
that definitely won’t be messed with until spring.



Our chicken waterer never spills in coops,
tractors, or pastures.