Three-week-old ducklings

Flapping duckling

At just shy of three
weeks old, our ducklings are starting to look a bit like miniature ducks
rather than like baby fuzzballs, but everyone agrees they’re still
awfully cute.  In fact, now that the youngsters are spending a bit
more time on land, I can’t help thinking how much the ducklings resemble
tiny penguins, with their upright posture, fur-like feathers, and tiny
wings.  The duckling in the photo above is flapping its wings —
can you even tell?



Ducklings in the rain

Our duck flock did lose a little bit of its ultra-easy charm at two and a half weeks old, though, when the birds started nibbling on strawberries
I moved them to a kiddie pool about twenty feet away, but that sterile
water wasn’t nearly as interesting as the pond they’d left behind, so
the ducklings kept making a run for the wild water despite a
thunderstorm that was keeping all of our self-respecting chickens
inside.  I ended up having to erect some
temporary fencing to cage the ducklings into a paddock so they’d stay put.


Duck pasture

After that, the little
flock settled back down, although they have been spending more time on
land grazing now that their water is devoid of life.  I was
surprised to see that they actually seem to be
more
prone to peck apart plants than chickens are — I usually let chicks
have free run of the raspberry bushes at this age, but the ducklings had
to be fenced
Craneflyout since they were consuming too much leaf matter.



On the plus side, the
ducklings come out of their brooder each morning in a rush to catch all
of the craneflies that settled on the lawn overnight.  These
insects, which resemble huge mosquitoes, are very evident at this time
of year since they’re mating, and the ducks are glad to collect the
bounty.  I haven’t seen any of our chickens similarly engaged, so
perhaps ducks do beat chickens in the insect-foraging department…at
least when it comes to craneflies.

Starplate pasture in May

Chicken run

I haven’t written much
about our year’s first set of chicks because, at the moment, they’re
largely self-sufficient.  Ever since
moving them up to the starplate coop and the pastures I’m slowly developing up there, all the flock needs is to have their water
and food topped off every day or two.  I do shut them in at night,
though, since they’re a bit far removed from our dog’s usual patrolling
grounds and since predator pressure is high on our wooded farm.



Chicken fencing

I did have to add chicken wire to the base of the cattle panels
to keep the chickens in so they wouldn’t wander the whole area at
once.  Currently, the flock is grazing in their second little
paddock, which is a five-foot-wide
tree alley.  The trees are just grafted babies
in our flowerbed at the moment, though, so I’m taking advantage of this
year to build lots of soil health, both with chicken manure (spread by
our helpful fowl) and
cover crops
(rye at the moment, soon to be followed by sunflowers and
buckwheat).  Unlike most of our farm’s soil, the ground around the
starplate coop is well-drained (wow!) and low in fertility (boo). 
Hopefully some heavy grazing will fix the latter problem and turn this
into one of our better growing areas.



Chicken pasture

Chicken and comfreyOne of the experiments that has already panned out well was planting comfrey along the fencelines
in this pasture.  Setting out the plant divisions in November gave
the comfrey plenty of time to get its feet under it, so the plants
sprang up with vibrant life a couple of months ago.  Our chickens
are happily pecking the leaves back down, as you can see in the photos
to the left and above.  As we rotate the birds to a new pasture, I
have Mark come through with a weedeater and whack down any tall plants
remaining, including the tops of the comfrey plants.  Using that
method, I wouldn’t be surprised if the plants keep growing and expanding
all summer.




The starplate coop and
the current pastures are really too big for the ten little birds we
currently have living there.  Which is wonderful!  There’s
nothing that makes a chicken yard feel good as much as
under-population.

Feeding ducks

The Resilient GardenerIf you’re considering ducks, The Resilient Gardener
by Carol Deppe contains an excellent counter-cultural explanation of
how to maintain ducks under permaculture conditions. 
I
posted over on our homesteading blog a few weeks ago about Deppe’s take
on the pros and cons of ducks vs. chickens, as well as her information
on feeding ducks garden produce.
  Here, I wanted to delve a little deeper into Deppe’s thoughts on duck feed, and, especially on pasturing ducks.



The first question I had
when I decided to try out ducklings was, “Can I just feed them the same
food I give my chickens?”  The answer is “Maybe.”  If you’re
keeping ducks in confinement, they need a special food high in niacin,
and ducklings should never be given medicated chick feed.  In
addition, Deppe suggests that ducklings need to eat moistened feed for
their first few weeks.
  Despite these caveats, though, chances are you can
raise ducklings on chick starter feed as long as you choose the
unmedicated version.  If your ducklings are allowed to free range,
bugs will provide their niacin (or you can give them extra niacin in
their water or can provide brewer’s yeast as a nutritional
supplement).  And, as I learned, dry feed is perfectly acceptable
to baby ducks as long as they have plenty of water to drink and play in.




So how about pasture
food?  Deppe recommends sowing white clover in pasture rather than
grass if you want your ducks to do lots of grazing.  And even
though ducks don’t scratch like their land brethren, both types of fowl
agree that mulched spots are prime forage.  Deppe likes to keep six
to twelve inches of mulch under her trees, through which her ducks bill
in search of night crawlers, red worms, sowbugs, and slugs. 
Finally, she adds that windfall fruits can provide a good supplement to
ducks’ diets, especially if you plant mulberries.

I’ll be curious to see how our ducks differ from our chickens once the
former are all grown up.  At the moment, the ducklings have given
me absolutely no data on pasture preferences since they prefer to spend all of their time in the water.  Stay tuned for future details!