Assessing foraging behavior from yolks

Orange egg yolks

A week or two after adding
supplemental lighting to the coop
, our pullets started to
lay.  First, it was just the australorps (hatched April 20), but
soon the
Cuckoo Marans (hatched May 17) also began
to churn out eggs.  I was sure that these youngest pullets were
producing not just because I saw the ladies coming out of the hen house
now and then when everyone else
Cuckoo Marans eggwas out foraging, but also
because we started getting beautiful dark, speckled eggs like this one.




It’s helpful to be able
to guess who laid each egg, or at least which type of chicken each egg
came from.  You can build fancy trap nests, but my favorite method
is just to head to the coop when I hear cackling, then see what kind of
egg the lady in residence has come up with.  Using that technique,
I was able to learn that the darkest eggs were Cuckoo Marans’, next
darkest were Black Australorps’, and the palest eggs were from our
White Cochin.



With that data in hand,
I could get an idea about how well each breed forages.  I cracked
two eggs from each chicken breed into a bowl and took the photo at the
top of the page.  If the photo were a clock, 11 and 12 o’clock
would be Cuckoo Marans, 2 and 8 o’clock would be White Cochin, and 5
and 6 o’clock would be Black Australorps.  The Cochin yolks are
biggest, probably because the others are all still pullet eggs, but
what’s really striking is the color difference.  All of the eggs
look better than a supermarket egg, but the Cochin eggs are quite pale
in comparison to those from better foraging breeds. 




Omelet ingredientsI guess my gut feeling is
right that our Cochin is befuddled by the concept of rustling up her
own grub — yet another reason to plan to put her in the stew pot
sooner rather than later.  It’s always hard to make the decision
to cull a hen, but you know what they say — you’ve got to break a few
eggs to make an omelet.  (Research sure is tasty at this time of
year.)



Our chicken waterer never spills or fills with
POOP.

Young rooster gives pullets a leg up

Black australorps

At four months old, our
Australorp rooster was still bottom of the pecking order, being chased
away from the choice food by all and sundry.  Two weeks later, he
went through a growth spurt, exceeded the ladies in size, started to
crow regularly, and took the lead.



Cuckoo marans

Next youngest in the
laying flock (and next lowest on the totem pole) were our three
Cuckoo Marans pullets, around five and a
half months old.  I was intrigued to see that as the rooster
surpassed them in size (but while he was still smaller than the other
hens), the Marans turned into his harem.  Rather than changing his
affections when he struck it rich, our rooster still seems to prefer
roosting with the Marans, which has increased their value to the
flock.  No longer do the Marans get chased away from the food by
those bossy Australorp hens, and the White Cochin (once queen of the
flock) now plays second fiddle.




I know, this is the same story
I told last year about our gentleman rooster
, repeated with different
characters.  I wonder if adding a younger rooster to a divided
flock is a sure way of raising the self esteem of the most picked on
birds?



Our chicken waterer gives the flock something to
pick on rather than each other, so even our divided flock never looked
tattered or bloody.

Feeding chickens enough but not too much

Chicken with autumn leaves

Hungry chickensI wrote that one of the advantages
of free range chickens

is that you can feed them much less…and the next day it seemed like
our young pullets and cockerels started wanting more to eat.  I
suspect the frosts that wiped out the last tomatoes also killed off
some of their favorite foods, but regardless of the reason, I suddenly
felt like I was starving the poor little things.  Time to increase
their rations back up to recommended levels.




There’s a fine line
between feeding your chickens little enough that they want to forage
and so little that you stunt their growth, and I think I might have
stepped over the line briefly.  I won’t really know until I pluck
them and put them on the scales, but I figure if these broilers weigh
less than the previous batches, it will be my fault.




Foraging chickensMeanwhile, I’m slowly coming
up with some helpful tricks.  There’s the
full
crop technique
I’ve mentioned previously, but as chickens get
bigger, it’s tougher to tell how full their crops are through all those
feathers.  One idea is to decrease your chickens’ rations by no
more than 30% to 40% and watch to see how fast they eat the food
up.  If there’s any food left on the ground fifteen minutes after
the morning feeding, you can probably cut back a bit — they’re
getting plenty of forage.  On the other hand, if the food is gone
in a heartbeat and the chickens start obsessing over clover (a moderate
quality food), then they might not be getting enough to eat.



I feed our adult
chickens only once a day, but I’ve found that it’s easier to keep rigid
control over broiler rations while not under-feeding them if I give the
chickens a second snack at nightfall.  If the day has been cold
and rainy and the chickens don’t look as well nourished as usual, I can
increase their dinner without impacting their urge to forage.




Do you have any tricks
for feeding your chickens just enough storebought feed while making
sure they forage as much as possible?



Our chicken waterer keeps our broilers healthy
with clean water.