Hungry hungry silkworms

Third-instar silkworm

Silkworms grow so much during their
short lifetimes that they have to pop out of their skins four times
before even considering turning into moths.  You can tell your
caterpillars are about to molt when they stop eating for about a day
and sit with their heads in the air.  That’s your warning that by
tomorrow you’ll need a
lot more leaves.


Grazing silkworms

The silkworms pictured
above have just molted for the second time.  At eight days old,
they seem to be eating twice as quickly as they were just two days
earlier (pictured below), when the insects were mere second-instar
(instead of third-instar) caterpillars.



Second-instar silkworms

The table below sums up
what’s to come in the days ahead:



Intar 1 Instar 2 Instar 3 Instar 4 Instar 5
Age 0-3.5 days 3.5-7 days 7-11.5 days 11.5-17.5 days 17.5-25.5 days
Appearance black and hairy grayish-white with black head grayish-white with black head all white
Maximum size 0.25 inches 0.5 inches 1 inch 1.5 inches 2.75 inches



If I think my 8-day-old
silkworms are hungry, what am I going to do with caterpillars five
times as big?  Easy — I will have given
at least some of our miniature herd to the chickens
by then, so
there won’t be as many mouths to feed.



Our chicken waterer lets your flock wash down
their dinner with clean water.

Successful hatch from a broody hen

Broody hen

One of our cuckoo marans turned into quite a
troublemaker when we moved the flock from the woods to the pasture this
spring.  She kept flying over the fence and showing up in the
garden, even after we
clipped
her wings
.  I
knew she wanted to go broody, but after I discovered her spot in the
straw and made it more conducive to laying (adding a
chicken waterer and a dish of food so she
wouldn’t have to leave), she figured that spot was tainted and left
it.  So when the hen stopped showing up entirely a week or so
later, I wasn’t sure whether she’d gone into some predator’s belly due
to wandering the woods without her rooster, or whether she’d finally
found a spot to sit on a clutch of eggs.



Setting hen

“Peep, peep, peep!”
greeted me when I entered the barn on May 23.  The sound helped me
track down our broody hen in a terrible location on slanted, bare soil
up against a hole in the barn wall.  Despite the less-than-perfect
conditions, our cuckoo marans had managed to hatch eight perfect chicks
out of nine eggs.  The dud had rolled away at some point and
gotten too cold to survive.



Hen and chicks eating

Rather than trying to
catch her right away, I moved the dish of food and the waterer to the
hen’s corner.  Unlike our
cochin hen, the marans did moan at me
when I got close the first time, but she quickly realized I was a help,
not a hindrance, and let me approach without attacking.



Hen and chick

Unfortunately, the
marans’ lower aggressive instinct worked against one of the
chicks.  As I was weeding a few days later, I heard squawking from
the barn and ran in to discover we were down to seven chicks.  I
guess it’s necessary to move chicks to a secure location even if they
have a mother hen to watch out for them.

Day silkworm observations

Two-day-old silkworms

Holey mulberry leaves





Two days after hatching, our silkworms were growing
fast.  No longer did they make tiny little holes in mulberry
leaves.  Now they turned each meal into a skeleton, then wanted
more within a couple of hours.



Silkworms moving to fresh leaves

I quickly learned that
silkworms will migrate to fresh leaves within minutes if you simply
place the old leaves on top of the new ones.  As the silkworms get
older, we may have to start removing old leaves, but there currently
doesn’t seem to be any issue leaving them to dry up below the fresher
material.



Baby silkworms

Hatching silkworm eggsAlthough none of the
instructions I read mentioned this, I’m glad I left the eggs in the
bottom of the bowl for the first couple of days because silkworms, like
chickens, don’t seem to hatch all at once.  I estimated we had
about 100 sikworms by the end of day one, but then another big batch
hatched out and we ended up with perhaps 300 or more.  It’s easy
to tell at a glance whether the majority of your eggs have hatched
since empty eggs are white instead of blue-gray.



Silkworm habitat

As meal-time began to
encompass four or five leaves instead of one or two, I figured it was
time to move our silkworms to larger quarters.  We’re trying them
out in a rubbermaid bin with sawdust on the bottom, just like they were
chicks.  I’ll report in a later post whether that works out or if
we have to change gears.



Clean water from an Avian Aqua Miser is a perfect accompaniment
to silkworm treats.